Numbers, Time, and Dates
Lesson 5: Dates, Months, and Appointments
つき・にち・よやく — Dates and Booking
⏱️ About 25 minutes / 📊 Level: Beginner (N5) / 📅 Speaking + Reading
Before You Start
Knowing how to say dates is essential for hospital appointments, restaurant reservations, and everyday life in Japan. In this lesson, you’ll learn months, dates, and the key phrases for making appointments.
What you’ll learn:
- All 12 months — 1月〜12月
- Special date readings — ついたち・ふつか・みっか…
- Ask today’s date — 今日は何月何日ですか
- Say your birthday — 誕生日は〇月〇日です
- Make an appointment — 予約をお願いします
- Say date + time together — 〇月〇日の〇時にお願いします
1. Key Phrases / きほんのフレーズ
2. Months / つき(1月〜12月)
Pattern: number + 月. Most months are simple — just watch out for 4, 7, and 9.
| Month | Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1月 | いちがつ | ichigatsu | January |
| 2月 | にがつ | nigatsu | February |
| 3月 | さんがつ | sangatsu | March |
| 4月 ★ | しがつ | shigatsu | April |
| 5月 | ごがつ | gogatsu | May |
| 6月 | ろくがつ | rokugatsu | June |
| 7月 ★ | しちがつ | shichigatsu | July |
| 8月 | はちがつ | hachigatsu | August |
| 9月 ★ | くがつ | kugatsu | September |
| 10月 | じゅうがつ | juugatsu | October |
| 11月 | じゅういちがつ | juuichigatsu | November |
| 12月 | じゅうにがつ | juunigatsu | December |
4月 = しがつ (not よんがつ) ·
7月 = しちがつ (not なながつ) ·
9月 = くがつ (not きゅうがつ)
3. Important Date Readings / とくしゅなひにち
The first 10 days have unique readings. Memorize these first — they appear most often.
| Date | Reading |
|---|---|
| 1日 | ついたち |
| 2日 | ふつか |
| 3日 | みっか |
| 4日 | よっか |
| 5日 | いつか |
| 6日 | むいか |
| Date | Reading |
|---|---|
| 7日 | なのか |
| 8日 | ようか |
| 9日 | ここのか |
| 10日 | とおか |
| 14日 | じゅうよっか |
| 20日 | はつか |
💡 Days 11–31 mostly follow: じゅう + number + にち (e.g., 11日 = じゅういちにち). Exceptions: 14日 = じゅうよっか / 20日 = はつか / 24日 = にじゅうよっか
4. Phrase Notes / ポイント
4月10日 = しがつ・とおか (April 10) · 5月20日 = ごがつ・はつか (May 20)
4月10日の午後3時にお願いします = April 10 at 3 p.m., please.
Don’t confuse 4月 (しがつ) and 4日 (よっか). The month reading is しがつ, and the date is よっか — they are different.
5. Conversation Practice / かいわ
💬 Conversation 1 — Today’s Date
💬 Conversation 2 — Birthday
💬 Conversation 3 — Making an Appointment
💬 Conversation 4 — Confirming an Appointment
6. Vocabulary / たんご
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| 月 | gatsu / tsuki | month |
| 日 | nichi / hi | day / date |
| 何月 | nangatsu | what month |
| 何日 | nannichi | what day / what date |
| 誕生日 | tanjoobi | birthday |
| 予約 | yoyaku | appointment / reservation |
| いつ | itsu | when |
| 病院 | byooin | hospital |
| 美容院 | biyooin | hair salon |
| 午前 / 午後 | gozen / gogo | a.m. / p.m. |
7. Check Your Understanding / クイズ
Think about each question first. The answer and explanation are shown below each one.
Q1. How do you say “April” in Japanese?
4月 = しがつ — special reading, not よんがつ. よっか = 4th day. These are different.
Q2. What does 「誕生日はいつですか」 mean?
誕生日 = birthday / いつ = when. “When is your birthday?”
Q3. You want to make an appointment. What do you say?
予約をお願いします = “I would like to make an appointment.” Use this at hospitals, salons, restaurants, and schools.
8. Match the Months / れんしゅう
Match each month with the correct English meaning.
9. Choose the Best Response / れんしゅう
Choose the best response for each situation.
Q1. Someone asks, 「今日は何月何日ですか。」
When asked the date, reply with 〇月〇日です. 時 = time / 人 = people.
Q2. Someone asks, 「誕生日はいつですか。」
When asked your birthday, reply with 〇月〇日です.
Q3. Staff asks, 「何時がいいですか。」
When asked what time is good, reply: 午後〇時にお願いします or 〇時にお願いします.
🚀 Mini Mission
Today’s mission: Say today’s date, your birthday, and one appointment.
Try saying:
誕生日は __月 __日 です。
予約は __月 __日 の __時 です。
Practice with your teacher.
📘 Review / まとめ
In this lesson, you learned months, dates, and appointment expressions. The most important patterns:
〇月〇日です。(It is month/day.)
予約をお願いします。(I’d like to make an appointment.)
〇月〇日の〇時にお願いします。(date + time)
💡 Special months: 4月=しがつ / 7月=しちがつ / 9月=くがつ. Special dates: 1日=ついたち / 10日=とおか / 20日=はつか. For beginners, just learn the key ones first.
FAQ
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