The table summarizes the plain form and polite forms of nouns, verbs, Na adjectives, and I adjectives.
Example:
polite form丁寧形 → plain form 普通形
Noun：
Isyadesu → Isyada
いしゃです → いしゃだ
Isyadeshita → Ishadatta
いしゃでした → いしゃだった
Verb：
Okimasu → Okiru
おきます → おきる
Okimashita → Okita
おきました → おきた
Na-Adjective:
Shizukadesu → Shizukada
しずかです → しずかだ
Shizukadeshita → Shizukadatta
しずかでした → しずかだった
I-Adjective:
Furuidesu → furui
ふるいです → ふるい
Furukattadesu → furukatta
ふるかったです → ふるかった
KEY:
Japanese people have different levels of politeness depending on who you are talking to. We call them “ultra-formal”, “formal” (or “polite form”), “normal” (or “plain form”), “informal”, and “rude”.
This proper use is one of the things that makes Japanese difficult. There are certain rules for utilization as long as you understand the idea.
日本人は相手によって礼儀作法のレベルが違います。超形式的」「形式的」（あるいは「丁寧語」）「普通」（あるいは「平易語」）「非形式的」「無礼語」などと呼んでいます。
この適切な活用が、日本語を難しくしている原因のひとつです。考え方さえ理解していれば、活用には一定のルールがあります。
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Review of e-learning course
- Greetings. Let’s get started! | No.1
- Let’s master katakana! | No. 2
- Have you mastered numbers? | No. 3
- Use your calendar! | No. 4
- The key to studying | No. 5
- [Video] How Characters Work 1 | No. 6
- [Video] How Characters Work 2 | No. 7
- [Video] How Characters Work 3 | No. 8
- Recommended Textbooks | No. 9
- The secret to learning a language | No. 10
- [Video] Let’s understand Japanese sounds! 1 | No. 11
- [Q&A] Why do you say “I’m sorry” when you say “Thank you”? | No. 12
- [Video] Let’s understand Japanese sounds! 2 | No. 13
- [Video] Student testimonial | No. 14
- [Video] Japanese Form, nouns, verbs, adjectives | No. 15
- [Video] Mastering the Japanese postposition | No. 16
- Podcasts useful for learning Japanese | No. 17
- Let’s use a polite form | No. 18
- [Video] Mastering the Japanese Form 3 | No. 19
- Useful apps for learning Japanese | No. 20
- [Video] Japanese postposition | No. 21
- The list of verb conjugation | No. 22
- Popular Japanese manga | No. 23
- [Video] Mastering the Japanese Form 4 | No. 24
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